Agronomic evaluation of durum wheat under organic production conditions in the Yaqui Valley, Sonora, Mexico
1 Soils and Plant Nutrition, National Institute for Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock Research (INIFAP), Cd. Obregon, Sonora, Mexico.
2 Wheat Biotechnology, National Institute for Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock Research (INIFAP), Cd. Obregon, Sonora, Mexico.
Research Article
Open Access Research Journal of Science and Technology, 2025, 15(02), 096-101.
Article DOI: 10.53022/oarjst.2025.15.2.0138
Publication history:
Received 26 October 2025; revised on 01 December 2025; accepted on 03 December 2025
Abstract:
Wheat is one of the most important crops worldwide due to its nutritional value and wide industrial use. In Mexico, Sonora contributes the largest share of national production, and within this state, the Yaqui Valley represents the main production area. However, the increasing demand for food and the negative effects associated with conventional agriculture have encouraged the search for more sustainable production systems, such as organic farming. Under this approach, the present study evaluated the agronomic performance of two durum wheat varieties, Quetchehueca Oro C2013 and PD Chanate Oro C2023, under organic production conditions at CENEB-INIFAP. The varieties were established in paired plots, and yield components were assessed, including spike weight, grain weight per spike, number of grains per spike, biomass, 100-grain weight, test weight, and grain yield. Significant differences were observed in the number of grains per spike and test weight. Quetchehueca Oro C2013 showed higher spike weight and grain weight per spike, while PD Chanate Oro C2023 exhibited a higher number of spikes per m², greater 100-grain weight, and superior test weight, indicating higher grain density and quality. Total grain yield was 6.215 t ha⁻¹ for Quetchehueca Oro C2013 and 6.264 t ha⁻¹ for PD Chanate Oro C2023. It was concluded that both varieties are suitable for use in organic farming. Further evaluation under different environments and comparison with the regional control CIRNO C2008 is recommended to determine their yield stability.
Keywords:
Organic farming; Yaqui Valley; Wheat; Varieties; Yield
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